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Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Job 1:1-3

Concerning Job we are here told, I. That he was a man; therefore subject to like passions as we are. He was Ish, a worthy man, a man of note and eminency, a magistrate, a man in authority. The country he lived in was the land of Uz, in the eastern part of Arabia, which lay towards Chaldea, near Euphrates, probably not far from Ur of the Chaldees, whence Abraham was called. When God called one good man out of that country, yet he left not himself without witness, but raised up another in it to... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Job 1:3

His substance also was seven thousand sheep ,.... For which he must have a large pasturage to feed them on, as well as these would produce much wool for clothing, and flesh for food; this part of his substance or possessions is mentioned first, as being the largest, and most useful and profitable: and three thousand camels ; creatures fit to carry burdens, and travel with, and were greatly valued on that account, especially in the deserts of Arabia, near to which Job lived; and that not... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:3

His substance also was seven thousand sheep - A thousand, says the Chaldee, for each of his sons. Three thousand camels: a thousand for each of his daughters. Five hundred yoke of oxen for himself. And five hundred she-asses for his wife. Thus the Targum divides the substance of this eminent man. A very great household - מאד רבה עבדה abuddah rabbah meod , "a very great estate." The word עבדה abuddah refers chiefly to husbandry, including all manner of labor in the field, with... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Job 1:1-5

The hero of the poem. I. THE PATRIARCH 'S NAME . Job. 1 . Historical . Not fictitious, but real ( Ezekiel 14:14 ; James 5:11 ). Even if the Book of Job proceeded from the brilliant Solomnnic period, the person of Job must be looked for in remote patriarchal times. 2 . Significant. Meaning "Persecuted," or "Repenting,' if not better connected with a root denoting "joyous exultation." Scripture names are frequently suggestive of traits in character ( e.g. Jacob, Peter,... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Job 1:1-5

Job. I. AN ORIENTAL PRINCE . II. A WEALTHY MAN . III. AN EMINENT SAINT . IV. A GODLY PARENT . V. A SACRIFICING PRIEST . read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Job 1:1-5

Job's life and character. The scene opens in all brightness, and the hero of this sacred poem stands before us bathed in the sunshine of earthly prosperity, and, better, crowned with the favour of God—a truly enviable man. We have in these few lines give, in brief, suggestive touches— I. A PICTURE OF COMPLETE HAPPINESS . There are internal and external elements of earthly bliss; and neither must be absent if that bliss is to be full and complete. First in importance is the... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Job 1:1-5

The typical conditions of domestic happiness. This early Eastern poem, designed to throw light on the methods of the Divine discipline of men, opens with a pleasing picture of domestic felicity, presenting a typical example of happy family life. But Job is the central figure. It is the Book of Job. All has its relation to him. He is the one subject of the book. Not more truly is Job perfect than are the circumstances which surround him. All the elements of domestic happiness are present.... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Job 1:2-5

The dangers of prosperity. This book proposes to give us a picture of extreme and probably unprecedented adversity. It is fitting that it should open with a scene of exceptional prosperity, to serve as a contrast to the dark scenes that follow. Moreover, the idea of the book is the better realized if we observe that the original prosperity is considered in its moral aspect, as concealing a possible temptation to sin. I. THE PROSPERITY WAS SUBSTANTIAL . 1 . A large family. ... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Job 1:3

His substance also ; literally, his acquisition (from קָנָה , acquirere ) , but used of wealth generally. Seven thousand sheep, and three thousand camels, and five hundred yoke of oxen, and five hundred she-asses . Note, first of all, the absence of horses or mules from this list—an indication of high antiquity. Horses were not known in Egypt till the time of the shepherd-kings, who introduced them from Asia. None are given to Abraham by the Pharaoh contemporary with him ( ... read more

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