Leviticus 11:12-13 NIV

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Leviticus 11:9-19

Here is, 1. A general rule concerning fishes, which were clean and which not. All that had fins and scales they might eat, and only those odd sorts of water-animals that have not were forbidden, Lev. 11:9, 10. The ancients accounted fish the most delicate food (so far were they from allowing it on fasting-days, or making it an instance of mortification to eat fish); therefore God did not lay much restraint upon his people in them; for he is a Master that allows his servants not only for... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Leviticus 11:12

Whatsoever hath no fins nor scales in the waters ,.... Which is repeated that they might take particular notice of this law, and be careful to observe it, this being the only sign given: that shall be an abomination unto you ; the Targum of Jonathan says, that not only the flesh of such fish, but the broth, and pickles made of them, were to be an abomination; which contradicts what Pliny F20 Nat. Hist. l. 31. c. 8. relates, that the Jews made a pickle of fishes that lacked... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Leviticus 11:13

And these are they which ye shall have in abomination among the fowls ,.... No description or sign is given of fowls, as of beasts and fishes, only the names of those not to be eaten; which, according to Maimonides, are twenty four; so that all the rest but these are clean fowls, and might be eaten; wherefore the same writer observes F24 Maacolot Asurot, c. 1. sect. 14, 15. , that,"whoever was expert in these kinds, and in their names, might eat of every fowl which was not of them,... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Leviticus 11:13

And these - among the fowls - the eagle - נשר nesher , from nashar , to lacerate, cut, or tear to pieces; hence the eagle, a most rapacious bird of prey, from its tearing the flesh of the animals it feeds on; and for this purpose birds of prey have, in general, strong, crooked talons and a hooked beak. The eagle is a cruel bird, exceedingly ravenous, and almost insatiable. The ossifrage - Or bone-breaker, from os , a bone, and frango , I break, because it not only strips off... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Leviticus 11:13

Verse 13 13.And these are they which ye shall have in abomination. The species of birds and reptiles which are forbidden, are such as common feeling almost naturally repudiates. And assuredly God dealt with great indulgence towards His people, so as not to weigh them down with too heavy burdens. But because man’s greediness sometimes delights in monstrous food, He desired even in minor matters to put the rein upon them, lest they should rush with heathen nations into intemperance, whereby they... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Leviticus 11:1-47

PART III UNCLEANNESS , CEREMONIAL AND MORAL : ITS REMOVAL OR ITS PUNISHMENT SECTION I The second section deals with the uncleanness contracted every year by the whole congregation, to be annually atoned for on the great Day of Atonement ( Leviticus 16:1-34 ), followed by a parenthetical chapter as to the place in which sacrifice is to be offered—sacrifice being the means by which purification from uncleanness is to be effected ( Leviticus 17:1-16 ). The... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Leviticus 11:9-12

Whatsoever hath fins and scales. The absence of fins and scales, or their apparent absence—for phenomenal language is used, as before—gives to fish a repulsive look, on which is grounded the prohibition to eat them. Eels and shell-fish are thus forbidden, though a long course of experience has now taken away the feeling of repulsion with which they were once looked upon. The flesh of the beasts for, bidden to be eaten is only described as unclean, but that of the prohibited fish, birds,... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Leviticus 11:13-19

The unclean birds are those which are gross feeders, devourers of flesh or offal, and therefore offensive to the taste, beginning with the eagle and vulture tribe. It is probable that the words translated owl ( Leviticus 11:16 ), night hawk ( Leviticus 11:16 ), cuckow ( Leviticus 11:16 ) should be rendered, ostrich, owl, gull, and perhaps for swan ( Leviticus 11:18 ), heron ( Leviticus 11:19 ), lapwing ( Leviticus 11:19 ), should be substituted ibis, great plover,... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Leviticus 11:13-19

As far as they can be identified, the birds here mentioned are such as live upon animal food. They were those which the Israelites might have been tempted to eat, either from their being easy to obtain, or from the example of other nations, and which served as types of the entire range of prohibited kinds.Leviticus 11:13The eagle - Rather, the great vulture, which the Egyptians are known to have ranked as the first among birds. Compare 2 Samuel 1:23; Psalms 103:5; Proverbs 23:5, etc.The... read more

Joseph Benson

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - Leviticus 11:13

Leviticus 11:13. All such fowls and birds as are rapacious, and live upon prey, as the eagle, and its several kinds, hawks, kites, vultures, ravens, &c., are forbidden, and probably on a moral as well as a natural account, their flesh not only being not so good in itself as that of others, but not so fit to be used by a people that was consecrated to God, and professed greater innocency, justice, and purity, than the rest of the world. For, being all either ravenous and cruel, or such as... read more

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Leviticus 11:9-19

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Leviticus 11:12

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Leviticus 11:13

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Leviticus 11:13

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Leviticus 11:13

The Pulpit Commentary - Leviticus 11:1-47

The Pulpit Commentary - Leviticus 11:9-12

The Pulpit Commentary - Leviticus 11:13-19

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Leviticus 11:13-19

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - Leviticus 11:13

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