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Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Romans 1:19-32

In this last part of the chapter the apostle applies what he had said particularly to the Gentile world, in which we may observe, I. The means and helps they had to come to the knowledge of God. Though they had not such a knowledge of his law as Jacob and Israel had (Ps. 147:20), yet among them he left not himself without witness (Acts 14:17): For that which may be known, etc., Rom. 1:19, 20. Observe, 1. What discoveries they had: That which may be known of God is manifest, en autois?among... read more

William Barclay

William Barclay's Daily Study Bible - Romans 1:28-32

1:28-32 Just as they have given themselves over to a kind of knowledge that rejects the idea of God, so God has given them over to the kind of mind that all reject. The result is that they do things which it is not fitting for any man to do. They are replete with all evil, villainy, the lust to get, viciousness. They are full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, the spirit which puts the worst construction on everything. They are whisperers, slanderers, haters of God. They are insolent men,... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Romans 1:28

And even as they did not like ,.... This accounts for the justness of the divine procedure in leaving them to commit such scandalous iniquities; that since they had some knowledge of God by the light of nature, and yet did not care to retain God in their knowledge ; or to own and acknowledge him as God, to worship and glorify him as such; but took every method to erase this knowledge out of their minds, and keep it from others: God gave them over to a reprobate mind ; a vain empty... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Romans 1:29

Being filled with all unrighteousness ,.... From hence, to the end of the chapter, follows a large and black list and catalogue of the sad characters of the Gentiles, and of the best men they had among them; for the apostle is all along speaking, not of the common people, but of their wise professors, and moral instructors; than which there never was a more wicked set of men that ever lived upon the face of the earth; who under the guise of morality were guilty of the greatest pride and... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Romans 1:30

Backbiters ,.... Who more publicly defamed the characters of their neighbours, and hurt their good name, credit and reputation, though behind their backs: haters of God ; some read it, "hated of God"; as all workers of iniquity are; but rather this expresses their sin, that they were deniers of the being and providence of God, and showed themselves to be enemies to him by their evil works: despiteful ; both by opprobrious words, and injurious actions: proud ; of their natural... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 1:28

They did not like to retain God - It would, perhaps, be more literal to translate ουκ εδοκιμασαν , They Did Not Search to retain God in their knowledge. They did not examine the evidences before them ( Romans 1:19 , Romans 1:20 ;) of his being and attributes; therefore God gave them over to a Reprobate mind, εις αδοκιμον νουν , to an Unsearching or undiscerning mind; for it is the same word in both places. They did not reflect on the proofs they had of the Divine nature, and God... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 1:29

Being filled with all unrighteousness - αδικια , every vice contrary to justice and righteousness. Fornication - Πορνειᾳ , all commerce between the sexes out of the bounds of lawful marriage. Some of the best MSS. omit this reading; and others have ακαθαρσιᾳ , uncleanness. Wickedness - Πονηριᾳ , malignity, that which is oppressive to its possessor and to its object; from πονος , labor, toil, etc. Covetousness - Πλεονεξιᾳ , from πλειον , more, and ἑξω , I will... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 1:30

Backbiters - Καταλαλους , from κατα , against, and λαλεω , I speak; those who speak against others; false accusers, slanderers. Haters of God - Θεοστυγεις , atheists, contemners of sacred things, maligners of providence, scorners, etc. All profligate deists are of this class; and it seems to be the finishing part of a diabolic character. Despiteful - Ὑβριστας , from ὑβριζω , to treat with injurious insolence; stormy, boisterous; abusing both the characters and persons... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 1:28

Verse 28 28.And as they chose not, etc. There is an evident comparison to be observed in these words, by which is strikingly set forth the just relation between sin and punishment. As they chose not to continue in the knowledge of God, which alone guides our minds to true wisdom, the Lord gave them a perverted mind, which can choose nothing that is right. (53) And by saying, that they chose not, (non probasse - approved not,) it is the same as though he had said, that they pursued not after the... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 1:29

Verse 29 29.Understand by unrighteousness, the violation of justice among men, by not rendering to each his due. I have rendered πονηρίαν, according to the opinion of Ammonium, wickedness; for he teaches us that πονηρον, the wicked, is δραστίκον κακου, the doer of evil. The word (nequitia ) then means practiced wickedness, or licentiousness in doing mischief: but maliciousness (malitia ) is that depravity and obliquity of mind which leads us to do harm to our neighbour. (54) For the word... read more

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